Connection diagram of the air conditioner to the electrical network

Requirements

It must be remembered that the electrical connection diagram for an air conditioner used in everyday life differs significantly from the similar connection of semi-industrial models that are installed in offices. Households have only a single-phase connection.

direct connection via socket;
separate wiring to the electrical panel.

The first option is ideal for all household devices - they are everywhere put into operation only in this way. Connecting any air conditioning system is carried out in several steps, which must be strictly followed when you decide to do everything yourself.

Connection diagram of the air conditioner to the electrical network

The figure shows a diagram of connecting the air conditioner to the electrical network, as well as various connections between the system modules; in addition, you will definitely need a circuit diagram of the air conditioner of the purchased model.

A/C compressor clutch

Electronic circuit of the air conditioner on a car.
All about the design, principle of operation and maintenance of a car air conditioner. This unit, which is installed in front of the compressor, consists of an electromagnetic coil (to create an electromagnetic field), a pulley, which is driven by a belt, and a pressure plate. Note that the pressure plate is directly connected to the main shaft of the compressor, while the coil and pulley are mounted externally on the front cover of the compressor. When the coil is energized, it creates a magnetic field that attracts the pressure plate to the pulley, driving the compressor shaft. At this time, the pressure plate rotates with the pulley. Once again, since the pressure plate is connected to the compressor shaft, torque is transmitted to it and the compressor begins to pump refrigerant.

There is a lot of confusion in diagnosing compressor clutch failures. The clutch may not work due to a broken pulley bearing. The bearing is usually replaced IF a worn bearing is found and the service technician has the necessary tools to put another bearing in place. In most cases, bearings, as individual spare parts, are not available in the assortment of regular spare parts stores; they can only be found in specialized stores or service centers for the repair of automobile air conditioners.

If the clutch needs to be replaced because it is "burned out" (the pressure plate and pulley cannot rotate together), then this may be a sign of internal compressor problems that can lead to serious failure. It is necessary to conduct an in-depth diagnosis.

In addition, there are many so-called pressure plate faults that are the result of an incorrectly set gap. This is the distance or clearance between the compressor pressure plate and the pulley. On most compressors this clearance can be adjusted. If the gap is too large, then the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil is not strong enough to pull the pressure plate into contact with the pulley. If the gap is too small, then the plate may rub against the pulley, having a “burnt” appearance. Although this is not 100% proven, practice shows that the normal gap should be the thickness between a 50 kopeck coin and a 2 ruble coin.

Do I need a circuit breaker or RCD?

To understand the essence of the issue, you need to understand in detail the purpose of these protective devices:

Regulatory regulations for design and construction, as well as PUE and GOST R 50571.8 states: connecting an RCD depends on the danger of electric shock and the type of device plugged into the outlet. It follows that not all sockets for air conditioning are connected via an RCD.
These RCDs are installed to protect people from electric shock when the insulation is poor. But all the boxes of split system modules are made of plastic, that is, if a person directly touches the body, he cannot be harmed.
The peculiarity of residual current devices is that they cannot protect a person from a short circuit: the RCD simply does not have time to turn off. After all, from the laws of physics it is known that the current speed in a conductor is 300 thousand km/sec, and the response time of any protective device, including an RCD, is 0.02-0.03 seconds.
A circuit breaker is a protective device for wires that are selected according to the power of the equipment. And in the event of increased load on the network or a short circuit, the machine is triggered and saves one or another device from overheating and failure.

From all of the above, we can conclude that installing an RCD for climate control equipment is not so important, but circuit breakers for protection must be installed.

Surge protection device

This type of equipment is installed to protect the air conditioner from power surges and broken neutral wires, which is especially important for houses with outdated electrical wiring, the private sector and new buildings. This device has two adjustable response thresholds (for example, lower - 180 V and upper - 240 V). If the network voltage falls outside this range, the relay automatically turns off the power supply to the air conditioner. It is not recommended to set the lower threshold below 180 V, since low voltage can damage the compressor. If the operation of this equipment occurs too often, then it is advisable to replace it with a voltage stabilizer.

Work order

The first step is to select the set of tools and materials needed to install the connection. Next, carefully study the diagrams proposed by the manufacturer. After familiarizing yourself with the rules and requirements, you can proceed to the direct laying of cables to connect the terminals of the blocks.

Socket selection

To connect through a socket, the latter must meet certain requirements that are aimed at the efficiency and safety of the device.

A differentiated relay or reliable grounding is a mandatory criterion when choosing.
It is acceptable to use copper wires with a high-quality cross-section.
The socket is connected to the panel only through a circuit breaker.

It is necessary to turn your attention to new generation European sockets. They fully comply with the manufacturer's requirements

They are well equipped and protected against power surges.

A differentiated relay is necessary if there is no grounding

Wire selection

When choosing a wire, you need to pay attention to its cross-section; it must exactly match the manufacturer’s requirements stated in the instructions. The cross-section required for household appliances is 1.5-2.5 square, the current should not exceed 19 A

If the distance between the device and the shield is within 10 m, then sections with a diameter of one and a half square meters. mm. will be sufficient. However, at a distance greater than 10 m, the diameter should also increase.

It is also important to remember that laying wires near heating or gas supply system pipes is strictly prohibited; the minimum distance between them is 1.5 m. Electrical harnesses must be placed in a protective corrugation and then secured with clamps

Evaporator connection

Installing the connection of the blocks is identical and will not cause you much difficulty

It is important to follow the rules below and observe safety precautions when working with electricity.

First, remove the plastic front panel.
Next, remove the protective cover and cable clamps.
Route the wires through the wall opening that is located behind the air conditioner or on the side wall.
Afterwards, it is necessary to remove the protective tape from the cores at a distance of 30-40 mm from the edge.
Insert the bare wires into the terminals and tighten the fastening screws securely.
The next step is to strengthen the outgoing wires.
After completing these manipulations, reassemble the device in reverse order.

Upon completion of the installation work, check the correctness of this connection - check the result obtained with the manufacturer’s diagrams. Only after a thorough check is it permissible to turn on and use the air conditioner. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogjzdCEM080

General recommendations

The electrical circuit of an air conditioner for household services differs from the connection of a three-phase device, which is used in large offices for various purposes, business centers, and supermarkets.

It must be remembered that electrical installation is carried out in accordance with the Installation Rules and relevant regulations.

Before connecting the units to the electrical network, you should carefully prepare. To do this you should:

carefully read the diagrams and specifications for components and materials of the device;
inspect the existing electrical supply system, including the location and cross-section of incoming cables;
test the intended route with a detector for the absence of internal electrical wiring and metal elements of building structures;
analyze the composition of the walls on the surface or inside of which electrical work will be performed.

Connecting the air conditioning system is impossible if there is old aluminum wiring in the house and there is no grounding.

Direct cable laying must be carried out taking into account the following requirements:

the distribution box, switch, socket for a household air conditioner are located in an accessible place;
the socket is installed at a distance of at least 50 cm from the floor and grounded metal elements (batteries, water and heat supply pipes);
The wire is laid only horizontally and vertically;
when laying horizontally they recede:

- from the cornice 5-10 cm,

- from the ceiling - 15 cm,

— from the baseboard – 15-20 cm;

there must be at least 10 cm between the vertically stretched wire and corners, as well as window and door openings;
laying parallel to gas pipes is carried out at a distance of 1 m from them;
The electrical wire is protected from heating pipes with insulation.

In addition, the following rules must be observed for connecting devices to the electrical network:

It is strictly forbidden to connect wires by twisting. Extension is carried out using terminal blocks or bolts;
It is not allowed to connect a wire made of aluminum and copper due to their different electrical conductivity (for a copper cable this figure is one and a half times higher).

External wiring

If the method of laying on the wall surface is chosen, then the cables are fixed every 50-60 cm with plastic clamps, which in turn are secured to the wall with screws. When using boxes in which the wire is laid, they are secured with glue or screws.

Internal wiring

Cables hidden in the wall are laid in plastic corrugated pipes, having previously made a recess (groove) of the required length. Typically, the corrugated pipe is secured inside the wall with clamps. If the depth of the groove is 2 cm or more, then it is allowed to carry out work without a corrugated pipe.

Wires must not be laid in bunches and at a distance from each other of less than 3 mm.

Requirements for installing air conditioners

In order for the air conditioner to bring maximum benefit, you must follow some rules:

Choose exactly the model that matches the parameters of the room (size, availability of equipment, etc.).
Correct installation.
Compliance with the rules of operation and prevention.

The air conditioner has two blocks, each of which is assigned certain functions. The outer one is the condenser, and the inner one is the evaporator. They are connected using wires and tubes in which freon operates.

It is very important to choose the right location to install the system. In this case, you should take into account the weight of the block, free access to it, etc. The air conditioner should be installed closer to the window

The air conditioner should be installed closer to the window

The outdoor unit must be located on a strong wall that can support a weight of more than 60 kg. Installation should not be carried out on aerated concrete. The external unit must be protected from environmental influences. This can be done with the help of fences and canopies.

When installing the indoor unit, please consider:

The distance from the external to the internal unit should be minimal. This will ensure higher efficiency.
The evaporator must not be obscured by curtains, furniture, etc.
There must be a distance of at least 3 meters between the furniture and the indoor unit.
The system cannot be installed above batteries.
Provide free access.
The distance from the block to the ceiling must be at least 10 cm.

It is necessary to ensure tightness and reliability of the air conditioner mounting. If a line is used to connect the blocks, then vacuumization of the connections will be required.

How does an air conditioner work?

Connection diagram for heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems

(beginning): 1 — mounting block of relays and fuses in the engine compartment; 2 — mounting fuse block in the passenger compartment; 3 — control unit for ventilation, heating and air conditioning; 4 — fan operating mode switch; 5 — air conditioner switch; 6 — backlight lamp; 7 — heater electric fan relay; 8 — additional resistor of the fan motor; 9 — Sirius D4 ECU; 10 – ECU MR – 140; 11 — ECU HV-240; 12 — heater fan electric motor; 13 — instrument backlight brightness control

Connection diagram of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system (end): 1 - mounting block of relays and fuses in the engine compartment; 2 — mounting fuse block in the passenger compartment; 3 - electric motor for recirculation damper drive; 4 — air conditioning compressor relay; 5 — control unit for ventilation, heating and air conditioning; 6 — air conditioning compressor clutch; 7 - Sirius D4 ECU; 8 – ECU MR – 140; 9 — ECU HV-240; 10 - rear window heating relay

1) Air conditioner control switch, resistor and electric fan control circuit

Scheme of a household split system

Split systems are traditionally used in everyday life for air conditioning. True, in addition to this version of household air conditioners, other designs are also used. However, as practice shows, the operation of other types of climate control equipment is significantly less common.

Air conditioner design features

What is a household split system from a structural point of view?

Actually, this is air conditioning equipment, consisting of two separate modules (blocks):

Block for internal installation.
Block for external installation.

Internal installation means the installation of one part of the air conditioner structure (a unit for internal installation) directly inside the room where ambient air treatment is required.

Accordingly, external installation means the installation of another part of the air conditioner structure (a unit for external installation), directly outside the room. As a rule, installation in this case is carried out on the street side of the wall of a house or premises for other purposes.

But first, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with where you can install an air conditioner in a private house and apartment.

A classic example of a split system (air conditioning units for domestic use), structurally consisting of two separate modules - external and internal

Connection of indoor and outdoor modules

At the next stage, the user needs to connect both modules into a single working system.

It is planned to connect the modules mechanically with pipelines for refrigerant circulation, as well as connect them electrically with an electric cable, respectively. This process is called laying the air conditioner route.

The procedure for connecting refrigerant circulation pipelines on the modules (the internal module of the split system is shown), as well as electrical conductors

Essentially, a household air conditioner contains several functional electric motors, each of which requires power supply:

compressor motor;
outdoor unit fan motor;
indoor module fan motor.

In addition, the air conditioning system can be additionally equipped with electric motors, the operation of which drives the blinds, directing the outgoing air flow in the desired direction.

Blinds for regulating the outgoing air flow are usually included in the design of the indoor unit of a domestic air conditioning unit.

Demonstration of a fully assembled split system with installation of indoor and outdoor units, combined into a single structure through technological connections

Depending on the power level of the outdoor module of the air conditioning unit, two or more condenser cooling fans (installed in the outdoor module) can be used.

True, such options are rare for household climate control equipment. But for use in offices, split system designs with two fans are quite common.

Briefly about the operating principle of the equipment

Modern devices for maintaining an optimal indoor microclimate will help make life more comfortable and also protect the body from harmful external influences.

Climate control equipment is divided by area of use - industrial, semi-industrial and household. Depending on the type of installation, stationary and mobile models are distinguished.

Depending on the type of design, air conditioners are floor-shelf , wall , floor , cassette , column , duct , window .

The principle of their operation is based on a change in the state of aggregation of freon depending on pressure and temperature in a closed system. The devices do not produce heat and cold on their own, but only transfer it, depending on the selected mode - from indoors to outdoors or vice versa.

It is important not only to correctly install and connect climate control equipment, but also to operate it in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. These include the maximum permissible ambient temperature for the operation of the air conditioner, as well as mandatory maintenance, including regular cleaning

Location of socket for air conditioner

There are no regulatory documents on the location of the connection point for climate control systems to the electrical network. But you need to take into account the general rules for arranging lines. If this is done at the repair stage, it is necessary to form grooves - they run vertically or horizontally. Diagonal placement is prohibited. An alternative is to install wiring in protective boxes on top of the wall. Relevant for wooden walls.

When choosing where to locate the connection point, you need to consider:

general design of the room;
arrangement of furniture and other interior items;
length of the power cord from the indoor unit.

The latter can be extended. To do this, remove the plug and connect the wire contacts to another using a special sleeve. Be sure to use insulating tape and heat shrink material. This way you can correctly position the connection point with the electrical wiring, regardless of the location of the indoor unit of the air conditioner.

The main components of any air conditioner are:

Compressor
- compresses freon and maintains its movement along the refrigeration circuit.
Condenser
is a radiator located in the external unit. The name reflects the process that occurs during operation of the air conditioner - the transition of freon from the gaseous phase to the liquid phase (condensation).
The evaporator
is a radiator located in the indoor unit. In the evaporator, freon passes from the liquid phase to the gaseous phase (evaporation).
TRV (thermostatic expansion valve)
- reduces the freon pressure in front of the evaporator.
Fans
- create a flow of air blowing across the evaporator and condenser. They are used for more intense heat exchange with the surrounding air.

The compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator are connected by copper pipes and form a refrigeration circuit, inside which a mixture of freon and a small amount of compressor oil circulates. During operation of the air conditioner, the following process occurs:

Freon gas enters the compressor from the evaporator at a low pressure of 3 - 5 atmospheres and a temperature of 10 - 20 ° C.
The compressor compresses freon to a pressure of 15 - 25 atmospheres, as a result of which the freon is heated to 70 - 90 ° C and enters the condenser.
The condenser is blown with air having a temperature lower than the freon temperature, as a result the freon cools down and passes from the gaseous phase to the liquid phase, releasing additional heat. In this case, the air passing through the condenser heats up. At the exit from the condenser, freon is in a liquid state, under high pressure, the freon temperature is 10 - 20 ° C higher than the atmospheric air temperature.
From the condenser, warm freon enters the thermostatic valve (TRV), which in household air conditioners is made in the form of a capillary (a long thin copper tube twisted into a spiral). As a result of passing through the capillary, the freon pressure drops to 3 - 5 atmospheres and the freon cools down, some of the freon may evaporate.
After the expansion valve, a mixture of liquid and gaseous freon with low pressure and low temperature enters the evaporator, which is blown with room air. In the evaporator, freon completely transforms into a gaseous state, taking away heat from the air, as a result the air in the room is cooled. Next, gaseous freon with low pressure enters the compressor inlet and the whole cycle is repeated.

This process underlies the operation of any air conditioner and does not depend on its type, model or air conditioners. A four-way valve (not shown in the diagram) is additionally installed in the refrigeration circuit, which allows you to change the direction of freon movement, changing the evaporator and condenser places. In this case, the indoor unit of the air conditioner heats the air, and the outdoor unit cools it.

What you need for installation

Consistent installation of a good split system when doing it yourself should be carried out taking into account ease of access during maintenance and ergonomic criteria - cold air should not have direct access to resting and working areas.

Approximate layout of split systems

The appropriate layout for installing a new air conditioner depends on the type of unit. The indoor module can be hung:

to the left of the outside. The track is flat, the block is located 0.5 m from the wall. When turning the line onto an adjacent wall, the distance can be reduced to 0.1 m. The output and the route are masked under the cover of the equipment;
to the left of the external wall without cable laying on the facade. Communications are laid in the corner of the room and hidden in a box. They hide him under the curtain;
to the right of the outer wall. A typical solution involves laying the route in a box from the wall or laying it in a groove.

Advice! Use the groove laying technology if there is a ban on laying the route on the facade.

The outdoor unit can be positioned:

on the loggia or balcony. The module is fixed frontally or sideways for ease of maintenance;
on the glazed balcony. The window sash should be above the air conditioner. To prevent snow, moisture or debris from getting on the block, install a visor and plastic;
under the window. This option is suitable for rooms without a balcony;
next to the window. The block is placed at the level of the bottom of the window.

Air conditioner installation optionsTip! Do not use hollow or metal materials for the visor - they have low noise insulation.

Equipment

When installing climate control equipment yourself, you will need:

perforator for making through holes for the output of pipes, cables, drainage pipes;
a pipe cutter with a sharp blade or a hacksaw for metal;
file and rimmer for trimming nicks;
a pipe bender or a special spring for forming copper pipes;
a drill with drills of different diameters to make holes for the mounting plates;
pipe calibrator and flarer;
wall chaser, which can be replaced with a chisel, sledgehammer and hammer;
vacuum pump to start the air conditioning system;
screwdrivers, hex wrenches, level.

Important! Cutting pipes with a hacksaw involves smoothing the edges with sandpaper

Materials and consumables

Use only high-quality materials, selecting them in accordance with the type of equipment:

supply wire for power supply and connection of modules - power cable for 4 cores with a cross-section of 2 mm2 × 2.5 mm2;
seamless copper pipes with the diameter specified in the instructions. The length of the products is equal to the length of the route, and the margin is about 30 cm;
insulating insulation (foamed rubber) - sections along the length of the route;
synthetic insulation;
a corrugated hose with an internal plastic spiral for drainage or a propylene pipe along the length of the route plus 80 cm;
L-shaped brackets (2 pcs.) for fixing the outdoor unit with a permissible load limit of 5 times the weight of the device;
fastening elements - bolts, dowels and anchors, selected according to the type of brackets for the internal module.

Important! To hide the route you will need a plastic box 60x80 cm

Connection and connection of air conditioner interconnect cables

terminal block with wires
If you decide to connect the air conditioner to the electrical network through a socket, you need to make sure that it can withstand the upcoming load. If the required parameters do not comply, the installer should not connect the device to it and must explain to the customer the essence of the problem, as well as offer a way out - laying a separate line to the panel.

Here are the basic requirements for the outlet:

The socket must have a ground connection or a differential relay;
It must correspond to the required values specified in the instructions for the split system. The best ratio is high network power and low cooling device power;
The air conditioner is not placed in line with other powerful appliances;
It is forbidden to power the device from an outlet if aluminum wiring is used. To connect the air conditioner through it, you need to take a copper wire with the appropriate cross-sectional area;
It is important to make sure that the socket itself is connected through a circuit breaker that has a distance between contacts of at least 3 mm when open;
Work must be performed by an experienced installer in accordance with required national and local standards.

If all of the above requirements are met, begin preparatory work on connecting the air conditioner to the outlet with your own hands. First, check that you have the necessary tools, and then strip the cable cores with a knife or an insulation stripper. Now we move on to laying interconnect cables and connecting the external unit of the air conditioner, and then the internal one.

Modern reinforced euro sockets are usually suitable for high-power devices.

The connection is carried out according to the diagrams on the blocks, which indicate the terminal blocks corresponding to the interblock cables. Unconnected cable cores must be insulated so that they do not come into contact with live parts of the air conditioner.

Marking of terminals for on/off models of split systems:

1 – compressor power supply;
2(N) – common neutral;
3 – four-way valve;
4 – fan of the external unit;
(Earth).

Terminal markings for inverter models of split systems:

1 – food;
2(N) – neutral;
3 – control;
(Earth).

In some Chinese economy-class air conditioners, a separate wire is laid between the units to connect a temperature sensor.

The wires are connected to the terminals. The terminal box is located under the block panel. In accordance with the numbering, the wires of the internal module are connected to the contacts of the external module.

Stages

Brief instructions for connecting an air conditioner with your own hands for the indoor unit are as follows:

Remove the decorative panel from the block.
Remove the protective cover from the connectors and the cord clamp.
Lay the interconnect cable through the mounting hole in the rear of the device.
Prepare the cable for connection by first stripping it and removing the insulation.
The stripped ends are inserted into the terminals and tightened tightly with screws. The tightening force should be approximately 1.2 Nm. Typically, terminal blocks use screw terminals to connect wires.
The clamps secure the interconnect wire well.
Reinstall the terminal cover.

The same brief instructions are suitable for connecting the external unit of the air conditioner according to the electrical diagram yourself. Instead of a decorative panel, remove the protective cover from the outdoor unit and connect it with wires to the indoor module through terminals.

At the very end, they check whether the work done corresponds to the connection diagrams. Only then can you turn on the device.

Air conditioner indoor unit diagram

Terminal block

On the terminal block, in addition to inter-unit connections, there are also clamps for connecting power (power can be supplied vice versa - to the external unit)

L, N - electric line and neutral of single-phase power supply

Filter Board - filter board, reduces the level of noise in the power supply

Control Board - control board - controls all devices, receives data from all sensors, performs thermoregulation, displays information for the user, and performs self-diagnosis.

Main relay - the main relay is a power relay that supplies voltage to the compressor.

Display board is an indication module that can be a line of LEDs that indicate the presence of power, the selected mode, an error code, or a display that also displays the temperature.

Thermistor - thermistor, thermistor, temperature sensor

Room temp. - room temperature sensor

Pipe temp. — temperature sensor of the heat exchanger tube, evaporator

Temperature sensors may also be located in:

control panel - to maintain the temperature at the point where the remote control is located (for example, “I Feel” mode).
at the inlet, outlet and midpoint of the evaporator

Step motor - stepper motor,

Used to open louver grilles or curtains covering a fan

In one step, its shaft is deflected by a small angle, thus it is possible to very accurately control the position of the shaft.

Drain pump motor - drainage pump, built-in only for cassette air conditioners

Float switch - float sensor for condensate level, only for cassette air conditioners

What to do if the condenser radiator is dirty

To maintain the normal operation of the condenser, you need to remember that its efficiency directly depends on the cleanliness of the room in which the external unit is installed. Do not allow the condenser to remain or operate in dusty rooms. Meanwhile, even the smallest particles gradually form severe contamination. Of course, there are such specks of dust in every room, and it is impossible to get rid of them. Therefore, each capacitor is exposed to them, and if it is not cleaned in time, the contamination can become critical.

Very often, larger objects, such as cobwebs or fluff, are collected on capacitors. Due to such contamination, the performance of the air conditioner may be greatly reduced. In this case, the unit will have to spend much more effort to achieve the desired temperature, which is why the equipment may completely fail. The first sign of contamination is the ineffective operation of the air conditioner and the supply of air at room temperature even at the specified cooling mode.

The clogging problem is partially solved by regular maintenance performed by our company.

Timely cleaning allows you to maintain the functionality of your air conditioner for a long time. And if, nevertheless, the condenser becomes dusty to a catastrophic state, our workers will carry out an emergency procedure and effectively rid the radiator of the most difficult dust. You can fully count on them, because cleaning the air conditioner condenser is far from the most difficult task for high-class specialists. By entrusting any repairs to our employees, you ensure many years of reliable service for your climate control equipment.

We will solve any problem regarding the repair and maintenance of climate control equipment in Moscow and the region.

Discount when calling from the Internet - 5%.

Give the code word: “service.”

Have questions? Our specialists know the answers:

See further:

Air conditioner repair
Air conditioner problems
Cleaning air conditioner filters
Air conditioner evaporator repair
Air conditioner drainage system repair
Air conditioning compressor repair
Air conditioner control panel repair
Refrigerant (freon) leak from the air conditioner
Repair of air conditioner thermistors

Flaring of copper tubes

We move on to the stage of preparing the tubes.

Mistake #5

They can only be cut using a special pipe cutter, no hacksaws or grinders!

When making a cut, it is necessary to hold the end of the copper pipe strictly downward in order to prevent any chips from getting inside.

The ends are processed with a rimmer.

Use the rimmer carefully to avoid scratching the skirt. The quality of rolling is one of the most important aspects in installing an air conditioner.

Mistake #6

Flaring is carried out using a special tool with an eccentric. Don't forget to put the connecting nut on the tube before this step!

The width of the flare should be such that the connection eventually fits freely and unhindered into the nut.

The height of installation of the tube in the rolling clamp is strictly regulated.

The simplest and most proven old-fashioned way to determine the quality of rolling, at least at the initial stage, is to see your reflection in the “skirt”.

Flaring of the pipes of the outdoor unit will have to be done outdoors on weight. Otherwise, the line simply will not fit through the hole.

Mistake #7

Please note - if the installation does not take place on a hot, warm day, then when bringing copper pipes home from the street, close their ends and be sure to wait time for the copper to reach room temperature.

If you bring them in cold and open, then due to the dew point effect, condensation will form inside the tube, which, on a poorly evacuated air conditioner, can lead to dire consequences.

Which cable to choose

When choosing a wire, you need to focus on the type of network in your apartment. It can be two or three line. In modern apartments, sockets have grounding. Therefore, a three-core cable is used to connect air conditioners. The cross-section of its conductors is selected according to the power of the future split system. Electrical engineering reference books contain all the necessary data. It is also not difficult to determine the cross-sectional area of the wire using online calculators on the Internet.

For example, for the long-term operation mode of the air conditioner, select:

for devices with power up to 3 kW, a cross-section of 2 sq. mm is sufficient;
for power from 3 to 5 kW, choose a 2.5 sq. mm cable;
a power of 7 kW will require a copper cable with a cross-section of 4 sq. mm.

It is worth understanding that the ratio of cross-section and permissible power is different for aluminum and copper cables, products with multi-core conductors and solid ones. Therefore, using reference books or online calculators is a must.

The cable is also selected based on its insulation characteristics. For example, a product intended for outdoor use will be prohibitively expensive. The optimal cable in terms of price-quality ratio is the VVG type. It is made in PVC insulation, the service life of the product is 30 years. A flat modification of this cable is also produced under the marking VVG-P, as well as a non-flammable version VVGng.

Connection via a separate line

This power supply option is considered the safest for uninterrupted, long-term and safe operation. It is recommended:

for high power coolers;
during installation at the initial stages of renovation of the premises.

The line is laid in a plastic corrugated pipe in a groove and secured with plastic clamps. Laying without a pipe in a groove 20 mm deep is possible. At the final stages of renovation or in a renovated room, the line is laid in a plastic box. It is attached to the wall with glue or screws. The cable is fixed in the box with plastic clamps every 500 - 600 m.

Connection methods

For household air conditioners, the electrical connection diagram differs from more powerful industrial units. The latter are usually connected to a three-phase network, while domestic ones are connected only to a single-phase network. There are two main methods for electrically connecting an air conditioner:

direct connection of the device plug to the socket;
installation of a separate cable to the electrical panel.

In the first case, the connection is made as in the situation with any other electrical equipment. The disadvantage of this method is the excessive load on the outlet if the device has high power. In addition, protruding wires do not look very attractive and spoil the interior. This method is suitable for mobile and low-power units. The second method is more labor-intensive, but allows you to hide excess wires in the wall groove and connect more powerful devices.

How to correctly calculate the power of an air conditioner or split system